50+ Best Ultrasound Physics MCQs.
Practice and improve your knowledge of ultrasound physics mcqs fundamentals. This comprehensive set of 50+ multiple choice questions covers topics like propagation of ultrasound waves, attenuation, resolution, artifacts, bioeffects, Doppler ultrasound principles. Sharpen your skills and test your understanding of the essential concepts in diagnostic medical sonography.
1. Which of the following is described as the ability of an object to resist compression and relates to the hardness of a medium?
A. Stiffness
B. Density
C. Pressure
D. Inertia
ANS:- A
2. An increase in PRF would lead to:
A. An increase in DF
B. A decrease in PD
C. An increase in the number of cycles
D. A decrease in resolution
ANS:- A
3. Which of the following would have the highest propagation speed?
A. Air
B. Bone
C. Soft tissue
D. Water
ANS:- B
4. Which of the following would have the lowest propagation speed?
A. Water
B. Soft tissue
C. Bone
D. Lung tissue
ANS:- D
5. As imaging depth increases, the PRF must:
A. Not change
B. Increase
C. Decrease
D. PRF does not relate to imaging depth
ANS:- C
6. Which of the following describes the amount of refraction that occurs at an interface?
A. Bernoulli’s law
B. Poiseuille’s law
C. Law of reflection
D. Snell’s law
ANS:- D
7. Pressure is typically expressed in:
A. Frequency
B. Pascals
C. Decibels
D. Kilograms per centimeter cubed
ANS:- B
8. The typical range of frequency for diagnostic ultrasound imaging is:
A. 20 to 20,000 Hz
B. 1 to 20 MHz
C. 2 to 15 kHz
D. 12 to 100 MHz
ANS:- B
9. The attenuation coefficient in soft tissue is equal to:
A. One-half of the operating frequency
B. Double the operating frequency
C. Frequency times path length
D. The total decibels
ANS:- A
10. Micro denotes:
A. Millionth
B. Hundredth
C. Million
D. Billionth
ANS:- A
11. Which of the following is described as the distance over which one cycle occurs?
A. PD
B. DF
C. Period
D. Wavelength
ANS:- D
12. Which of the following requires an oblique interface and a propagation speed mismatch?
A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Normal incidence
D. Damping
ANS:- B
13. Areas of high pressure and density are referred to as:
A. Compressions
B. Rarefactions
C. Diffractions
D. Refractions
ANS:- A
14. SPL can be calculated by:
A. Multiplying the number of cycles by the frequency
B. Dividing the period by the frequency
C. Multiplying the number of cycles by the wavelength
D. Dividing the number of cycles by the wavelength
ANS:- C
15. Density is typically measured in:
A. Kilograms per centimeter cubed
B. Millimeters
C. Watts per square centimeter
D. Pascals
ANS:- A
16. As a sound wave travels through the human body, the intensity of the sound wave decreases as a result of:
A. Attenuation
B. Elevational resolution
C. Huygen’s principle
D. Refraction
ANS:- A
17. What is the total amount of attenuation that occurs if a 6.0-MHz sound beam travels through 4 cm of soft tissue?
A. 24 dB
B. 12 dB
C. 6 dB
D. 1.5 dB
ANS:- B
18. As imaging depth increases, PRP:
A. Remains constant
B. Increases
C. Decreases
D. Doubles
ANS:- B
19. What are the units of DF?
A. dB
B. dB/cm
C. Hz
D. Unitless
ANS:- D
20. The percentage of time that the ultrasound system is producing pulses of ultrasound describes the:
A. PRP
B. PD
C. DF
D. PRF
ANS:- C
21. Density and propagation speed are:
A. Inversely related
B. Directly related
C. Directly proportional
D. Unrelated
ANS:- A
22. All of the following are true of power except:
A. As amplitude increases, power remains the same
B. Power is proportional to amplitude squared
C. Intensity is proportional to power
D. Power is measured in milliwatts
ANS:- A
23. All of the following are true of wavelength except:
A. It is determined by both the medium and the sound source
B. It is equal to the period divided by the frequency
C. It is inversely related to frequency
D. It is directly related to period
ANS:- B
24. Which of the following is determined by the sound source and medium?
A. Propagation speed
B. Frequency
C. Period
D. Wavelength
ANS:- D
25. Which of the following is defined as the number of ultrasound pulses emitted in 1 second?
A. PRP
B. DF
C. PRF
D. SPL
ANS:- C
26. Which of the following is defined as only the active time?
A. DF
B. PRF
C. Period
D. PD
ANS:- D
27. The inertia of the medium describes its:
A. Attenuation characteristics
B. Stiffness
C. Density
D. Elasticity
ANS:- C
28. Which of the following is determined by the sound source only?
A. Frequency
B. Wavelength
C. SPL
D. Propagation speed
ANS:- A
29. The prefix “centi” denotes:
A. Thousandths
B. Hundredths
C. Millions
D. Hundreds
ANS:- B
30. If the angle of incidence is 40°, what is the angle of transmission at the interface if medium 1 has a propagation speed of 1320 m/s and medium 2 has a propagation speed of 1700 m/s?
A. 0°
B. >40°
C. < 40°
D. Cannot tell the angle of transmission
ANS:- B
31. The change in the direction of the original sound wave that occurs when sound interacts with two different tissue types that have a different propagation speed is referred to as:
A. Wavelength
B. Scattering
C. Refraction
D. Absorption
ANS:- C
32. Which of the following is an appropriate unit of measurement for propagation speed?
A. millimeters per microsecond (mm/μs)
B. watts per square centimeter (W/cm2)
C. microseconds (ms)
D. kilohertz (kHz)
ANS:- A
33. The major component of attenuation is:
A. Scatter
B. Absorption
C. Transmission
D. Refraction
ANS:- B
34. In clinical imaging, the wavelength typically measures between:
A. 1 and 10 Hz
B. 1540 and 2000 m/s
C. 0 and 1
D. 0.1 to 0.8 mm
ANS:- D
35. The DF for CW ultrasound is:
A.1.0%
B. 100%
C. 20,000 Hz
D. 8 Pa
ANS:- B
36. All of the following relate to the strength of the sound wave except
A. Amplitude
B. Wavelength
C. Intensity
D. Power
ANS:- B
37. What is the change in intensity if the power decreases by half?
A. Intensity doubles
B. Intensity is halved
C. Intensity is one-fourth
D. Intensity does not change
ANS:- B
38. Damping of the sound beam:
A. Reduces the SPL
B. Increases the SPL
C. Increases the PD
D. Has no impact on SPL or PD
ANS:- A
39. Adding damping to the transducer improves which type of resolution?
A. Transverse resolution
B. Temporal resolution
C. Axial resolution
D. Elevational resolution
ANS:- C
40. What time is defined as the beginning of one pulse to the beginning of the next pulse and, therefore, includes both the “on” and “off” time?
A. PRP
B. PD
C. DF
D. PRF
ANS:- A
41. What are the units for pressure?
A. feet, inches, centimeters, or miles
B. pascals or pounds per square inch
C. kilograms per centimeter cubed
D. hertz, kilohertz, or megahertz
ANS:- B
42. What term is defined as “the power of a wave divided by the area over which the power is distributed?”
A. Amplitude
B. Power
C. Intensity
D. Absorption
ANS:- C
43. Transducers have material within them that, when electronically stimulated, produces ultrasound waves. This is most likely some form of:
A. Tungsten acetate
B. Dilithium zirconium
C. Lead zirconate titanate
D. Barium sulfate
ANS:- C
44. What is the change in power if the amplitude triples?
A. It doubles
B. It triples
C. It quadruples
D. It increases nine times
ANS:- D
45. The portion of the sound beam where the molecules are farther apart describes an area of:
A. Compression
B. Rarefaction
C. Refraction
D. Amplitude
ANS:- B
46. If only the density of a medium is increased, then the:
A. Propagation speed will increase
B. Propagation speed will decrease
C. Propagation speed will stay the same
D. None of the above
ANS:- B
47. Sound is technically a:
A. Transverse and longitudinal wave
B. Mechanical and transverse wave
C. Nonmechanical and pressure wave
D. Mechanical and longitudinal wave
ANS:- D
48. The maximum value or minimum value of an acoustic variable minus the equilibrium value of that variable describes the:
A. Power
B. Intensity
C. DF
D. Amplitude
ANS:- D
49. Which of the following would be considered ultrasonic?
A. 10 Hz
B. 18 kHz
C. 0.5 MHz
D. 200 Hz
ANS:- C
50. Which of the following is considered the speed of sound in soft tissue?
A. 1.54 m/s
B. 0.77 mis
C. 100 mW/cm2
D. 1540 m/s
ANS:- D
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